Spinal Disc Herniation: Symptoms and Non Surgical Options
A herniated disc in the neck or lower back can cause intense pain, numbness and weakness. Many people recover without surgery when treatment begins early.
A disc herniation happens when the soft cushion between the vertebrae pushes out through the outer ring and presses on a nearby nerve. It is one of the most common causes of back and neck pain, yet a surprising number of patients do not need an operation.
Symptoms to Notice
Pain in the lower back that travels down the back of the leg is often a sign of sciatica from a lumbar disc. In the neck, a compressed nerve can cause pain and tingling in the shoulder, arm and hand. Weakness while gripping objects, dropping things or difficulty walking are signs that need prompt evaluation.
Diagnosis
MRI usually shows the exact disc level involved and how compressed the nerve is. Electrodiagnostic studies are sometimes used when the symptoms spread beyond the affected limb.
Non Surgical Treatment
- Short bed rest of one or two days followed by gentle activity
- Anti inflammatory and nerve pain medicines
- Physiotherapy with posture correction and core strengthening
- Epidural steroid injections for pain that does not settle
When Surgery Is Considered
Surgery is advised for progressive weakness, loss of bladder or bowel control, or disabling pain that continues after six to eight weeks of proper conservative care. Minimally invasive keyhole surgery often allows a much faster recovery than open procedures.